Poker is a game of luck and skill
A popular discussion among poker players is whether poker is a game of luck or skill. Each dealt hand is like a new start, and based on logic, the goal is to try to win it. But the winner of the hand is determined randomly. Both your cards, your opponents' cards, and the cards on the table fall randomly. A skilled player cannot do anything to increase their chance of winning but can force the opponent to fold.
Looking deeper, one can see the hidden element of skill. In poker, it's not most important to win as many hands as possible; it's important to win as much money as possible. Looking at the structure of poker, trying to win every hand is a foolish idea. Each hand has its winner, so it's better to set your hand range and play those hands where you think you are the favorite. A player who tries to win every time will quickly lose a lot of money in the process.
From this, we see that stronger players tend to win fewer hands but more money. It's really hard to find another game where the best players win the fewest games. This is a unique aspect of poker that can make it seem like a game of luck.
But poker also has a significant element of skill. Playing a new deal in various places, players have to make decisions. They have to analyze all possible clues (such as their hand, the cards on the table, their opponent's actions) and decide and make the best move. Where there is a decision, there is room for error, and where there is room for error, naturally, there are skills.
In the short term, luck is king
Although poker is both a game of luck and skill, in the short term, finding the element of skill can be very difficult. To win a pot in poker, you need to have the best hand at the showdown or force all your opponents to fold. You can increase your chances of winning by forcing as many players as possible to fold before the showdown, but once the cards are revealed, the player with the better combination wins, not the player with more skill. There will be many times when you can win many pots by forcing all opponents to fold their cards, but obviously, this will only happen when none of the opponents have good hands. In short, the result of an individual hand in poker is largely based on luck.
As we have discussed, skill in poker is about losing less with losing hands and winning more with winning hands, but this is not an exact conclusion when analyzing just one hand. Let's say you are playing “No-Limit Hold'em” and push all your chips with a strong hand like A-K against a weak hand like 7-2. The chance that A-K will be the best hand on the river is about 2:1. This is quite a big advantage, but it does not guarantee a win. While playing, there will be quite a frequent chance to make a good decision and be punished for it or, looking from the other side, make a bad decision and be rewarded.
Here's another example. Imagine you play for a whole week and during it, you had 100 flush draws. In Hold'em poker, catching a flush draw after three community cards has a 2:1 chance of completing it on the river. So, on average, you will complete 33 flush draws out of 100. If you are lucky, you might complete the flush 40 times out of 100, and if you are unlucky, you might complete just 25 flush draws out of 100.
In the long term, skill is king
The good news for the winning player is that playing poker long enough, the luck factor almost disappears. Mathematicians know this intuitively, but if you struggle with math, imagine flipping a coin. Each coin flip has a 50% chance of landing heads and a 50% chance of landing tails. Flipping the coin 10 times, you expect both heads and tails to come up 5 times each. Of course, there is a good chance that, for example, heads will come up 6 times, but there is even a 17% chance that heads will come up 7 or more times. But what if we flip the coin 100 times? Calculating, we can see that the chance of getting 70 heads out of 100 flips is just 0.004%. So, the more times you repeat a random action, the less likely you are to get an unfavorable result.
This mathematical theory, often called the “Law of Large Numbers,” has important implications in poker. The more hands you play, the less the big luck or bad luck cases matter. Playing enough hands, the luck factor practically disappears, and your results are influenced by skill.
Source: The Poker Mindset: Essential Attitudes for Poker Success
